战略管理与企业家(doc 33页)(英文版)

 In his book “Invention,” Professor Norbert Wiener (1993), commenting on the relative importance accorded to individuals and institutions in historical narratives of science and inventions, asks us to imagine Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” without either Romeo or the balcony.   The story is just not the same.  He likens much of the study of the economic history of science and accounts of inventions as “all balcony and no Romeo.”  The balcony for Norbert Wiener captures the context in which the story unfolds – the culture, the institutions, the constraints and the catalysts that move the plot forward and thicken it.  Romeos, for Wiener, play the leading parts in the story, because there is a strong fortuitous element to inventions and there is no inevitability that a possible discovery will be made at a given time and space.  Take away

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