寡头联盟、外部效应与最优进入策略(DOC 10)

  寡头的竞争与合作行为是产业组织理论的基本研究对象。本论文的研究表明，当面临着潜在的进入者时，寡头们就有可能从竞争对手变成合作伙伴，他们会结成联盟共同对付入侵者。而这种结盟关系显然地给进入者施加负的外部效应，使其处于不利地位，并导致进入者的策略反制。如果寡头的联盟内部存在交易成本，当进入者使用分而治之的反击策略时，联盟内部的利益冲突就会被放大，并且可能导致联盟的失败。这一结论能够很好地解释现实中导致寡头联盟的形成与解体的外部原因。
关键词：寡头联盟，外部性，机制设计

Oligopoly Predation, Externality and Optimal Entrance
Abstract
Oligopolies have incentives to form coalition when they face potential entrance. However, the coalition will impose negative externalities on the entrant, and makes him worse off. As a response, the entrant wants to prevent coalition formation, employing the strategy of “divide and conquer”. His counter strategy will succeed when transaction costs exist in the coalition, and the coalition will fail due to the enlarged conflict of interest. These basic ideas in this paper can thus illustrate the forming and collapsing of oligopoly coalitions in industry organization.
JEL Classifications: C72, L13, L14

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