物流管理专业外语知识(ppt 34页)

物流管理专业外语知识内容提要：
It is necessary to point out that as transportation efficiency increases, it has a direct and positive effect on the individual's ability of survival, even under very primitive conditions. It is also worthwhile to point out that people in our modern society seek much more than mere survival. They strive for a better standard of living and life-style with less time and efforts. Specialization is one means to achieve the goal.
必须指出，随着其效率的增加，交通运输对于人的生存能力，甚至在非常原始条件下的生存能力，有着直接的、积极的影响。此外还值得指出，在我们现代社会的人们寻求的远不仅仅是生存。他们努力用较少的时间和精力得到更好的生活水平和生活方式。
Specialization is defined as allowing human or physical resources to perform the tasks for which they are best suited. For example, if a person is particularly adept at farming, then the society should allow him to farm. If a certain geographic region is suitable for growing wheat, then the society should grow it in that area. Specification can bring many benefits. The overall efficiency of society is improved because fewer resources are employed to produce the desired output. The result is that less effort is expended to produce a particular product. Thus, specialization is a desired goal for society because it increases efficiency and directly improves our standard of living.
专业化定义为使人们或物质资源去完成其最适合的作业（任务）。例如，如果一个人特别熟练耕作，那么社会应当让他去从事耕作。如果某个地方适宜种植小麦，那么社会应当在那里耕作小麦。专业化能带来许多好处。因为达到输出量的希望值只需用到较少的资源，从而整个社会总的效率得以提高。结果就是生产某一特定产品是需较（以前）少的花费（付出）。因此，专业化是社会发展的目标，因为它提高了效率和直接改善了我们的生活标准。

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