项目管理的规划(英文版)(ppt 106页)

项目管理的规划内容摘要：
Initiating processes--recognizing that a project or phase should begin or and committing to do so
Planning processes--devising and maintaining a workable scheme to accomplish the business need that the project undertaken to address
Executing processes--coordinating people and other resources to carry out the plan
Controlling processes--ensuring that project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring progress and taking corrective action when necessary
Closing processes--formalizing acceptance of the project or phase and bringing it to an orderly end
Initiating process
The formal initiating links the project to the ongoing work of the performing Org.
Inputs: product description; strategic plan; project selection criteria; historical information
Tools and techniques: project selection methods; expert judgement
Outputs: project charter; project manager identified/assigned; constrains; assumptions
Planning is of major importance to a project because the project involves doing something which has not been done before.
The processes above are subject to to frequent iterations prior to competing the plan. For example, if the initial completion date is unacceptable, project resources, cost, or even scope may need to be redefined. In addition, planning is not an exact science--two different teams could generate very different plans for the same project.
Scope planning: developing a written scope statement as the basis for future project decisions
Scope definition: subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, or manageable components
Activity definition: identifying the specific activities that must be performed to produce the various project deliverables
Activity sequencing: identifying and documenting interactivity dependencies
Activity duration estimating: estimating the number of work periods which will be needed to complete individual activities
Schedule development: analyzing activity sequences, activity durations, and resource requirements to create the project schedule.
Resource planning: determining what resources (people, equipment, materials) and what quantities of each should be used to perform project activities.
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