阿克苏诺贝尔多元文化环境与公司文化英文(ppt 51页)

What is Culture?
A system of values
and norms shared
among a group of
people and, when
taken together,
constitute a design
for living.
   Culture can be defined as a system of orientation in an organization consisting of basic, unconscious attitudes, of values, and of the corresponding artifact.  Such values +ve or -ve may be reinforced implicitly or explicitly over a period of time.  It influence the behavior, communication, acting and judgements of the fellow colleagues.
Hofstede
Study (IBM) is a general way to look at differences between cultures.
4 dimensions:
Power distance.
Individualism versus collectivism.
Uncertainty avoidance.
Masculinity versus femininity.
But:
Assumption of one-to-one relationship between culture and nation-state.
Research may be culturally bound.
Respondents worked within a single company.
Work is beginning to look dated (1967-1973).
Culture and Ethics
Do the “right” thing.
Thomas Donaldson’s Three Principles:
Respect for core human values (human rights), which determine the absolute moral threshold for all business activities.
Respect for local tradition.
The belief that context matters when deciding what is right and what is wrong.
The Organization and Culture
Organizational Culture   
Values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes that help the members of the organization understand what it stands for, how it does things, and what it considers important.
Multiculturalism
The broad issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes held by people in different cultures.
Diversity
When members of a group differ from one another along dimensions such as age, gender, or ethnicity.

 

 

 

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