国际商务管理知识合同分析(DOC 26页)

国际商务管理知识合同分析(DOC 26页)简介：

(1)主语转换为谓语的情况：主语转换为谓语，往往是原文的主语为动作性的名词，且采用被动语态。译成汉语时，需将英语的被动语态调整为汉语的主动语态，进行转换翻译。例如：
①Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order, otherwise the Buyer may at its option cancel the order without cost to him, and charge the Seller for any loss incurred as a result of the latter's failure to make such delivery．
卖方必须在购货订单规定的时间内交货，否则，买方可取消订货，而不承担任何损失，并要求卖方赔偿由不交货所造成的一切损失。
原文的名词delivery作主语，转换为译文的动词“交货”作谓语，同时在主语的位置加译了“卖方”二字。
② Payment shall be made by net cash against sight draft with Bill of Lading attached showing the shipment of the goods. Such payment shall be made through the Bank of China, Yantai Branch. The Bill Of Lading shall not be delivered to the Buyer until such draft is paid．
凭即期汇票和所附表明货物发运的提单通过中国银行烟台分行以现金支付。汇票未付之前，提单不交给买方。
原句中的payment作主语，可译为汉语的一个动词。
③Partial shipments shall be permitted upon presentation of a clean set Of shipping document．
可以允许分批发货，但须提出一套明确的装运单据。
原文中的主语shipment转换为汉语的动词，原文中修饰主语的partial转换为状语。
(2)主语转换为宾语的情况：主语转换为宾语，原文的主语往往为普通名词，且常为被动语态。译成汉语时，将英语的被动语态改译为汉语的主动语态，主语转换为宾语。例如：
①Should all or part of the Contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the breaching party shall bear the responsibilities thus caused.
由于一方过失，致使不能履行或不能完全履行本合同及附件时，由过失方承担违约责任。
②lf any terms and conditions of this Contract are breached and the breach is not corrected by the breaching party within 30 days after a written notice thereof is given by the other party, then the no breaching party shall have the option to terminate this Contract by giving written notice thereof to the breaching party．
如果一方违反本合同的任何条款，并且在接到另一方的书面通知后30日内不予以补救，未违约方有权选择向违约方书面通知终止本合同。
③Progress review meeting will be held al the Seller's plant with the buyer's representatives as necessary during the manufacturing of the Equipment. At such meeting, the Seller shall report progress and indicate completion status against schedule．
在设备制造期间，如有必要，将邀请买方代表参加在卖方工厂举行的进展评定会，会上由卖方报告进展情况与按计划完成的情况。

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