实用英语写作--主题句的制约点(ppt 63页)

实用英语写作--主题句的制约点内容提要：
How to  make the controlling ideas in the sentence
主题句由两部分组成，即主题(topic)和制约点/中心思想（controlling idea）。中心思想的作用是导向(control)和制约(limit)。我们前面谈到的关键词就反映了中心思想。所谓导向就是规定段落的发展脉络，所谓制约就是限制主题的覆盖范围，两者不可分割。没有导向，内容就会离题或偏题；没有制约，内容就可能超出一个段落所能容纳的范围。因此，紧紧把握主题句中controlling idea的导向和制约作用，是短文写作成功关键之一。
How to make the controlling idea in the sentence …?
You’d better find a point not a line to focus on.
 For example :　
My mother has passed along to me  rules for getting along with others.
Revised sentences:
1. My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others .
2. My mother has passed along to me  several rules for getting along with others.
　My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Don't argue with parents; they will think you don't love them. Don't argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Don't argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Don't argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mother's rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words: Don't argue.
主题句中提出的 “certain rules” 指的是什么？展开句中通过四个 “Don‘t argue --” 逐一加以交代。
从结构来看，这是一个比较典型的段落，它包括了主题句，推展句和结论句（即本段中的末句）。
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