现代计算机专业文档资料整理（英文）(doc 10页)

现代计算机专业文档资料整理（英文）内容提要：
HARVARD MARK - I
Many consider that the modern computer era commenced with the first large - scale automatic digital computer, which was developed between 1939 and 1944. This device, the brain child of Harvard graduate Howard. H. Aiken, was commonly referred to as the Harvard Mark – I was constructed out of  switches, relays, rotating shafts, and clutches, and was described as sounding like a ‘roomful of ladies knitting.’ The machine contained more than 750,000 components, was 15 meter long, 2.4 meter tall, and weighed approximately 5 tons.
ATANASOFF – BERRY COMPUTERS
The Atanasoff – Berry Computer was the world’s first electronic digital computer. It was build by John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford Berry at lova state university during 1937 – 42. It incorporated several major innovations in computing. The machine was capable of solving up to 29 simultaneous linear equations. The machine was, however, the implement three critical ideas that are still part of every modern computer. It used binary digits, it performed all calculations using electronics rather than wheels or mechanical switches, and it organized   
MICRO COMPUTERS
Micro computers have a micro processor as their central processing unit, and are therefore relatively small in size. When they have a key board and monitor, they are used as personal computers, which is type of computer that you have in your home.
LAP TOP COMPUTERS
A lap top computer or note book computer is a small lightweight computer that you can carry around easily. It can perform all the functions of a regular computer, and has build in key board, pointing devise and a lightweight, non – bulky screen. Lap top computers can run both on batteries and from an external adaptor that charges the battery while supping power. If you have a lap top computer, you can work on it while traveling or even you are outdoors. 
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