抵押品评估及信用风险管理(ppt 44页)

抵押品评估及信用风险管理目录：
1. Why is Collateral Evaluation Important? 为什么抵押品评估重要
2. Types of Collateral and Regulatory Pitfalls 抵押品种类和法规缺陷
3. Evaluation of Collateral (Real Estate) 抵押品评估（房产）
4. Evaluation of Collateral (Other Assets) 抵押品评估（其他资产）
5. Protection of Collateral 抵押品保护
Creation of Security Interest 担保利益的创立
Perfection of Security Interest 担保利益的完善
6. Collateral Management 抵押品管理
Collateral Management for Credit Risk Management 信用风险管理中的抵押品管理
Safeguarding the Enforcement 维护强制执行
7. Enforcement of Collateral 抵押品的强制执行
8. Extinguishing Security Interest in Collateral 抵押品利益的终止

抵押品评估及信用风险管理内容提要：
The more accurate the evaluation, the more enhanced credit risk management in place. 对抵押品的评估越是准确，信贷风险的管理的准确性就越高
Large actual loan loss exceeding the estimated LGD could lead to a serious depletion of bank’s equity capital. 实际贷款损失如果大大超过预计的违约损失率会导致银行的自有资本严重损耗。
To reduce average loss rate, banks need to collect on the default exposure as much as and as fast as possible.为了降低平均损失率，银行应该尽快收回尽量多的资产。
If a bank does not properly estimate collateral values, the collection upon default would become smaller and take a longer period of time, leading to a depletion of capital and lower profits.如果银行不能准确估计抵押品价值，违约后能够收回的价值就降低了，所需要的时间也更长，导致资本损耗了利润降低。
Lender 出借方(specifically)
Encourage willingness of payment to reduce PL.鼓励出借方进行借款降低损失
Substitute the repayments to reduce LGD.代替还款降低违约损失率
Protects against borrower’s over-borrowing.保护出借方不至于过度借债
Borrower 借用方(specifically)
Access to credit: let borrowers monetize their illiquid assets to raise funds获得融资：借用方可以抵押他们的非现金资产来获取资金
Cost of Credit: potentially reduce funding costs for the lower EL calculated by the lender融资成本：潜在的降低了融资成本，因为出借方计算出的预计损失较低
Overcoming asymmetric information problems: access to funds even in a financially difficult time, or even without audited financial reports解决了信息不对称问题：即是财务困难时期，或者没有审计后的财务报表，也可以获得融资

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